“Phantom” Parties in the Ukrainian Political Space

Political patronage in Ukrainian banking∗

This paper empirically investigates the link between political patronage and bank performance for Ukraine during 2003Q3–2005Q2. We find significant differences between politically affiliated and non-affiliated banks. The data suggest that affiliated banks have significantly lower interest rate margins and increase their capitalization. Furthermore, we show that the level of activity of affiliat...

Political Parties and Democracy

A central claim of democratic theory is that democracy induces governments to be responsive to the preferences of the people. Political parties organize politics in every modern democracy, and some observers claim that parties are what induce democracies to be responsive. Yet, according to others, parties give voice to extremists and reduce the responsiveness of governments to the citizenry. Th...

political parties in the developing countries

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Political Parties and Political Marketing ‘ Strategies ’

This conceptual paper focuses on political marketing „strategies‟ in the context of major British political parties. There is consideration of the underlying drivers that are encouraging the adoption of the political marketing approach. It is debated whether political parties actually have political marketing „strategies‟. The difference between political marketing and political campaign strate...

Political Parties in Advanced Industrial Democracies 1 Paul Webb 2 Political Parties in